And amos h



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

V. V. LAWRENCE.

GUTTER HEAD FOR PLANING MAGHINES.

f v i l W ET Jy, y ZA/VENTUR- N. PETERS, Phuwuehogrnphar. washingmn. D.c.

(No Model.) Y 2 sheetssheet 2. V. V. LAWRENCE.

GUTTER HEAD POR PLANING MACHINES.

No. 399,758. Patented Mam. 19,1889..

Ny PETERS, Phalo-Lilhugnphnr. Washinon. D, C.'

rains ITE Farrar rricn.

VICTOR V. LAVRENCE, OF VATERFORD, VERMONT, ASSIGNOR OF ONF-HALF TO ISAACF. PAUL, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AND AMOS H. CARPEN- TER, OFVVATERFORD, VERMONT.

CUTTER-HEAD FOR PLANING-MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 399,758, dated March 19,1889.

Application tiled March Z6, 1888. Serial No. 268,488. (No model.) i

T @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, VICTOR V. LAWRENCE, of lVaterford, in the county ofCaledonia, State of Vermont, have in vented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Cutter-Heads for Planing-Machines, of which the followingis a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable anyperson skilled in the art or science to which said invention appertainsto make 1o and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of this specification. v

I also show in the said drawings and hereinafter describe an improvedpresser-bar, of

which I am the inventor, but which is not herein claimed, since it formsthe subject of an application for patent Iiled August 20, i888, SerialNo. 284,104.

In the drawings, two sheets, Figure 'l is an 2o end elevation of anordinary cutter head or cylinder provided with two knives or cutters;Fig. 2, a side elevation of the-same, a portion of the head and knivesbeing represented as broken oif; Fig. 8, a rear elevation of my imz 5proved cutter-head and presser-bar, a portion of the same beingrepresented as broken ofi', Fig. 4, an end elevation, Fig. 5, a verticaltransverse section taken on line o@ @c in Fig. 3; Fig. 6, a top planview showing an alternate 3o form of constructing the cutter-head andpresser-bar; Fig. 7, a side elevation of the same with the presser-barremoved; Fig. 8, a vertical transverse section taken on line y y in Fig.'7; and Fig. 9 is a detail view.

3 5 Like letters and iigures of reference indicate corresponding partsin all the figures of the drawings.

The rotary cutter-heads of planing-machines have been constructed with acentral 4o lengthwise slot or opening, and transverselycurved cuttershave been secured within the same, and so arranged as to project therequired distance on opposite sides of the head; but the most commonconstruction and arrangement is that shown in Figs. l and 2,in which Arepresents a solid rectangular head, 4 the knives or cutters, and 57 thebolts by which the knives are secured.

The cutter-head is square, or nearly so, the

5o knives being placed on opposite sides thereof,

" and with their cutting-edges projecting in opposite directions, asshown at 14 in Fig. l,

The attaching-bolts 57 for the knives are usually placed opposite thejournal 4G of the head, and as the distance between the protruding edges14 of the knives and said bolts is considerable, and the cutter-headsolid or not provided with lateral openings for the escape of the chips,the chips are liable to be caught and wedged between the bodies of 6othe knives and their beds, thereby throwing the knives out of truth;7and sometimes springing or bending them laterally to such an extent asto render it necessary to remove them for repairs. A

'The head being solid or unprovided with lateral openings also causesthe chips to be forced against its sides at the point 16, immediatelybelow the cutting-edges of the knives, thereby retarding the revolutionsof 7o the head and producing a loss of power in running the machine.

My invention is designed to obviate these and other objections to theordinary cutterhead, and to that end I make use of means which will bereadily understood by all conversa-nt with such matters from thefollowing explanation.

In the drawings, (see Figs. 3 to 5, inclusive,)

A represents the cutter-head or cylinder, B B 8o the standards in whichthe head is j ournaled, and C the presser-bar.

The body of the cuttenhead consists, essen' tially, of twovertically-arranged end pieces, 45, each provided with anoutwardly-project ing ce1itrally-arranged horizontal gudgeon, 46, whichis journaled in a box or bearing, l 6, in the standard B. The endpieces, 45, are rigidly connected by two wide horizontallyarranged bars,8, which are disposed opposite 9o each other, and preferably cast orformed integral with the end pieces and gudgeons. The bars 8 are roundedor curved in crosssection on their peripheries, and have the inner facesof their forward portions inclined tangentially, or nearly so, to theaxis-that is to say, at an angle of about forty-iive degrees to a linedrawn through the centers of both barsmand crossing the longitudinalaxial line of the cutter-head at right angles thereto, said roo inclinedportions of the bars serving as bedsl 47 for the knives 4, which areadjust-ably secured thereto by screws 57, said screws passing throughslots in the knives into said beds.

Stop-screws 12 are also provided on the inner sides of the bar 3,against the ends of which the backs of the knives abut, the stopscrewsalso subserving to assist in adjusting the knives.

The presser-bar C is crescent-shaped in vertical cross-section, being ofsuch length as to extend beyond the knives 4, and is attached at each ofits ends to a horizontal arm, 90, which is pivoted by astrap-connection, 17, on the box 16 of gudgeon 46. The free outer end ofthe arm is slotted lengthwise, and the presser-bar is adjustablyattached by a clampscrew, 18. (See Fig. 4.)

The lower side of thehead 8 of the presserbar C is beveled or inclinedto form a bed or seat, 19, on which a rigid plate, 20, rests. This plateis preferably coequal in length with the presser-bar head and is beveledon its lower side to form a cutting-edge, 21, the beveled portionsbearing on the top of the board D in close proximity to the point orline where the cutting-edges of the knives 4 leave the surface of saidboard in removing the chip or shaving therefrom during the process ofplaning. Said plate is adjustably secured to the bed 19 of thepresser-bar head by screws 58, which pass through slots, (not shown,)and is also provided with stop-screws 9, which are iitted to work inbrackets 99 on said head, said stop-screws resting against the back ofthe plate, and also subserving to assist in adjusting it.

The cutting-edge 21 of the plate 2O on the presser-bar acts conjointlywith the cuttingedges of the knives 4 of the cutter-head to sever thechips or shavings as they are raised from the board by the knives, thuspreventing the knives to a large extent from stripping or tearing thechips or shavings from the board and leaving its planed surface more orless striated or grooved in the usual inanner. The body of thecutter-head A being hollow or provided with a large lateral openingwhich extends 'exteriorly across it -between the bars 3 and end pieces,45, as shown in Fig. 5, the chips will pass into said opening'as thehead revolves, and thus afford but comparatively little resistance toits revolutions, while the knives, being mounted within the cutter-headwith their edges projecting outward, receive the chips or shavings ontheir upper sides, thereby rendering it impossible for the chips tobecome wedged between said knives and their beds 47, as is the case inthe use of the ordinary cutter-head shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

I sometimes construct the cutter-head with more than two knives, andmount the plate 2O on the inner instead of the outer side of thepresser-bar, as shown in Fig. 8. I also sometimes mount the stop-screws12 for the knives 4 in brackets 5, secured to the end pieces, 45, of thehead A, and provide said screws with annular flanges 95, (see Fig. 9,)which are inserted in T-shaped slots 13 in the backs of the knives, thestop-screws 9 for the plate 20 of the presser-bar being mounted inbrackets 99, secured to the head 8 and connected with said plate in likemanner. I also sometimes curve the plate 2O downward to enable it topass under the cutter-head more readily, and bevel it on its upperinstead of its lower side at its cutting-edge, as shown in Fig. 8. Ialso sometimes construct the bars 3, Fig. 8, slightly higher at theirextreme rear edges than at their front edges to form burnishers 48-thatis to say, such parts 48 have a greater radius than the front portionsor edges of the bars 3, where the knives 4 project, and hence when thecutter-head is adjusted as close as practicable to the board or timberto be planed the parts 48 will work in contact with the planed portionsof the board as the head revolves and thereby polish it.`

The burnishers are not, however, required for this purpose for all kindsof work. In addition to the function above specified, the burnishersassist more or less in keeping the board properly on the bed of themachine.

The head 8 of the presser-bar may also be rendered adjustable on thearms 90, as shown at 92 in Fig. 8, if preferred, the ends of said armsbeing placed on the inner instead of the outer sides of the ends of thehead.

In Fig. 8 the presser-bar C is represented as removed from thecutter-head A to its remotest point; but it will be understood that itis to be adjusted to bring its plate 2O into proper relation to thecutting-edges of the knives 4 when in use.

IOO

IVhen the plate 20 is mounted on the inner side of the presser-bar head,as shown in Fig. 8, holes 6 are provided in said head for receiving thescrew-driver used in turning the screws A pulley, N, is provided fordriving the cutter-head in the usual manner.

As my improvement relates exclusively to the cutter-head, it is notdeemed essential to show many of the other parts of the-machine.

For convenience of reference, I denominate the side of the bar 3 towhich the knife 4 is secured its front side.

Having thus explained my invention, what I claim is- 1. The improvedrotary cutter-head having heads or end pieces, 45, provided with shortintegral journals or gudgeons 46, projecting from their outer sides, andthe parallel portions 3, which connect said end pieces, the same beingseparated by a clear space extending their whole length, and having iiatinclined knifebeds 47, which are tangential to the axis of thecutter-head, as shown and described.

2. The cutter-head A, having the knifecarrying bar 3, said bar beingconstructed higher at its rear than at its front side to form theburnisher 48, substantially as described.

3. The end pieces, 45, provided with the bined, and arranged to operatesubstantially as described.

VICTOR V. LAVRENCE.

Witnesses:

WALTER P. SMITH, GEORGE A. PAYNE.

